A LjBAK1-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase, LjPUB7, negatively regulates early symbiosis by targeting NFRs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nod factor receptors (NFRs) are essential for initiating symbiotic signaling in legumes, mediating rhizobial infection and nodule development. Tight regulation of NFR levels is crucial to prevent inappropriate immune responses and maintain cellular homeostasis. Co-expression of LjNFR1 and LjNFR5 triggers cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is specifically inhibited by LjBAK1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation, suggesting the existence of a LjBAK1-E3 ligase complex for NFR protein turnover. Further analysis identified LjPUB7, a plant U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase in Lotus japonicus, as a regulator of early symbiotic interactions. LjPUB7 interacts with both LjBAK1 and NFRs, and directly ubiquitinates NFRs. Loss-of-function Ljpub7 mutants display increased infection thread formation, enhanced nodule development, and elevated expression of early nodulation genes. These findings reveal that LjPUB7 negatively regulates early rhizobial infection by targeting NFR1 and NFR5 for ubiquitination and degradation, thereby providing insights into the fine-tuned control of symbiotic signaling in legumes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".