Surface cooling potential of wetlands across the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wetlands provide many ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, climate regulation, biodiversity and water quality enhancement. Through evaporative cooling, wetland ecosystems also play a significant role in the regulation of local and regional climate by creating microclimates, which benefit local flora and fauna. In this study, the cooling effect of wetlands was evaluated by examining the differences in aerodynamic temperature (T a e r o ) between wetlands and nearby croplands in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada. The cooling effect refers to the reduction of air or surface temperature through evapotranspiration and thermal dissipation from the environment. We utilized turbulent flux and meteorological data gathered through eddy covariance measurements over three years (2021–2023) from three distinct wetland sites and two cropland types. Our findings reveal that during the growing season (May to September), wetlands exhibit significantly lower temperatures compared to the croplands, with mean daytime cooling (T a e r o reduction) ranging from 1.4 °C to 3.0 °C. On hot days (air temperature > 25 °C), wetlands with more open water provided even greater cooling, reducing temperatures by up to 5.4 °C compared to nearby croplands. Each wetland is characterized by unique biophysical properties such as surface and aerodynamic conductances, which result in distinct energy flux dynamics generating different mechanisms driving the daytime cooling. Higher evaporative fraction strongly drives the cooling effect in wetlands compared to croplands. These results underscore the notable cooling potential of wetlands and highlight their importance in regulating local and regional climates, ultimately contributing to the understanding of how wetland conservation, restoration and management can contribute to natural climate solutions. • Wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada act to cool daytime temperatures. • This effect ranged from 1.4 °C to 3.0 °C. • This is driven by biophysical properties affecting energy fluxes. • Evaporative fraction, open-water fraction, and conductances govern this effect. • Wetlands help regulate local and regional climate, supporting natural climate solutions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".