MétaCan
Menu
← Back to cohort
Record W4415006101 · doi:10.1370/afm.23.s1.7511

Designing the ideal virtual mental health program for Canada

2025· article· en· W4415006101 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Karim Keshavjee, Ijaz A. Rauf, Felipe Cepeda

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicDigital Mental Health Interventions
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMental healthOrdered logitMental health serviceLogistic regressionDigital healthService (business)Health informaticsSample (material)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Context The COVID-19 pandemic significantly accelerated the adoption of virtual care, including mental health services, in Canada. Despite its widespread implementation, there is limited research on Canadians’ satisfaction with virtual mental health services and what would constitute an ideal virtual service. Objective This study explores the relationships between sociodemographic factors, elements of virtual mental health services, and outcomes to understand their impact on Canadians’ satisfaction with these services. Study Design and Analysis A cross-sectional survey of 12,052 Canadians aged 16 and older was conducted, focusing on respondents who used virtual mental health services. Ordinal logistic regression and multivariate polynomial regression were applied to survey data collected through the 2021 Canadian Digital Health Survey. Setting or Dataset Data was sourced from the publicly available 2021 Canadian Digital Health Survey, conducted by Canada Health Infoway and Leger, utilizing a representative sample of Canadians. Population Studied The study analyzed Canadians aged 16 and older who reported using virtual mental health services, with an emphasis on sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education. Intervention/Instrument The intervention studied was the provision of virtual mental health services, with outcomes measured based on user satisfaction and the perceived benefits of the services. Outcome Measures The primary outcomes measured were overall satisfaction with the virtual mental health service, whether the service helped avoid in-person visits, whether the service addressed a moment of crisis, and whether the service helped with the mental health concern that led to the consultation. Results The study found that satisfaction with virtual mental health services varied significantly by age, income, education, and gender. The ability of virtual services to help users avoid in-person visits and address crises was strongly correlated with higher satisfaction, especially among older Canadians with lower income and education. Conclusions The study highlights that virtual mental health services in Canada are not uniformly satisfactory across all sociodemographic groups. Tailoring virtual mental health services to different demographic segments could improve overall satisfaction and service effectiveness. Policy implications suggest a need for targeted service designs to address the diverse needs of Canadians.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.008
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.076
Threshold uncertainty score0.551

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.008
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0090.002
Scholarly communication0.0040.002
Open science0.0020.004
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0100.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.036
GPT teacher head0.421
Teacher spread0.385 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreMethods

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same topicDigital Mental Health Interventions→French-language works237,207→