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Record W4415013523 · doi:10.5539/apr.v17n2p120

Inertial Potential From the Equivalence Principle

2025· article· en· W4415013523 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Francois Danis

Bibliographic record

VenueApplied Physics Research · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicGeophysics and Gravity Measurements
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNational Physical Laboratory
KeywordsInertial frame of referenceEquivalence principle (geometric)Twin paradoxPrinciple of relativityGeneral relativityEquivalence (formal languages)Theory of relativityFour-forceKinematicsGravitation

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper presents an idea to replace special relativity by general relativity applied to an inertial field. The equivalence principle allows us to define an inertial potential equivalent to the gravitational potential. The inertial potential will be further defined using kinetic energy, then the inertial potential will explain the kinematic effect of Hafele-Keating experiment (the experiment where atomic clocks flew around the Earth). A serious problem appeared, independent to replacing special relativity by general relativity. The time reference chosen by Hafele-Keating (above the North Pole) is correct but unjustified. That time reference is in fact local: local meaning above the Earth, contrary to above the Sun. Indeed the rotation of the Earth around the Sun has to be ignored or this would give different results. A previous study reached a similar conclusion. If locality seems crucial, this paper presents the problem but offers no explanation why it should work that way. This question probably has to be solved to reach a better understanding of time and time reference.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.013
Threshold uncertainty score0.042

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0020.005
Scholarly communication0.0020.009
Open science0.0010.003
Research integrity0.0020.004
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0130.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.074
GPT teacher head0.334
Teacher spread0.260 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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