Spending and strategic reviews: how do crises matter?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose This paper explores various ways in which crises and shocks are associated with spending and strategic reviews, as well as reform. Design/methodology/approach The approach taken this article is theoretical and conceptual: we delineate different kinds of spending and strategic reviews, show how crises and shocks might vary along several dimensions and infer several propositions how crises and reviews might relate to each other and reform, which can guide future empirical study. Findings While crises and shocks can precipitate spending and strategic reviews, the nature of reviews could vary significantly depending on the scale, severity and perceived time horizons of the crisis or shock and whether policymakers believe the governance environment has fundamentally shifted. Reviews can be variously more selective, comprehensive, shallow or more forward-looking, and possibly performative. Reform may not flow from reviews and could proceed without them. Research limitations/implications This study was theoretical and conceptual in nature; the resulting propositions should be the focus of comparative case-study research. Practical implications This study will provide practitioners with additional concepts and language for analyzing the nature of spending and strategic reviews, and enable practitioners to better analyze the experience of other jurisdictions when informing the design and learning from their own reviews. Originality/value This is the first theoretical exploration of how crises, shocks, reviews, and reform intersect.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it