Development of a Novel Virtual Foot and Ankle Model for Surgical Education and Preoperative Planning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper reports on a promising proof of concept for a novel interactive computer application that can simulate a specific patient's foot deformity and causative underlying condition, then simulate realistic surgical corrective foot and ankle (FA) procedures enabling clinicians to predict how their patient's anatomy will respond intra-operatively to different treatment options. This model is being developed with the goal of establishing better standards of care for foot and ankle surgery and allowing clinicians to preoperatively determine the optimal surgical procedures for each patient. The purpose of this paper is to describe the initial design of this foot model, which uses the Unity game engine to simulate human foot biomechanics. Preliminary results indicate that the current virtual model prototype can replicate normal foot biomechanics with reasonable fidelity; however, future work is still required to refine model parameters, and extensive validation is required to prove clinical accuracy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".