Orbitronic terahertz emission from Mo-based nanolayers via the inverse orbital Hall and Rashba–Edelstein effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rapid advancements in the communications and semiconductor industries have brought about the need to move to higher operating frequencies, with the terahertz (THz) frequency band being prospected as the next frontier for wireless communications and data transfer. Recent work has established that it is possible to harness orbital currents to generate THz radiation from metallic heterostructures comprised of ferromagnetic and transition metals. We demonstrate THz emission from Co/Mo/SiO2 and Co/Au/Mo/SiO2 orbitronic THz emitters (OTEs) via the inverse orbital Hall effect and the inverse orbital Rashba–Edelstein effect and measure the velocity of orbital carriers in Mo. Given the interplay between the various spin and orbital effects in OTEs that allow for interconversions between spin and orbital torque simply by the introduction of nm-thick metallic films, such devices hold significant potential in paving the way for the steady march away from conventional charge-based electronics in the decades to come.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".