Cyclic performance of CFST column-to-steel beam joints with a novel grooved end-plate connection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
End-plate connections are widely used in steel structures for their semi-rigid behavior, yet conventional designs suffer from end-plate warping, bolt slippage, and limited stiffness. This study proposes an innovative grooved end-plate (GEP) joint for concrete-filled steel tubular column-to-H-beam connections. Three GEP joints and one conventional end plate (OEP) joint were tested under cyclic loading and analyzed via finite element modeling. Results reveal that GEP joints increase rotational stiffness by 29.7% and ultimate bearing capacity by 6.9% compared to OEP joint, failure modes shift from end-plate warping in OEPs to controlled weld tearing in GEPs. Hysteresis curves exhibit spindle-shaped loops without pinching, confirming stable energy dissipation. Parametric studies identify an optimal side extension length of half the column width, balancing stiffness gains with acceptable ductility loss. This work advances semi-rigid joint design by integrating geometric innovation with seismic resilience, providing practical guidelines for high-rise and modular steel structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".