Canadian freshwater mussels and their host associations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Freshwater mussels (order Unionida) are one of the world’s most imperiled taxonomic groups of animals. The two families that occur in Canada (Margaritiferidae, Unionidae) produce parasitic larvae (glochidia) that generally rely on attachment to a suitable host fish to facilitate metamorphosis into the juvenile phase. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the hosts of all 55 species of freshwater mussels in Canada, compiled from 265 citations, 71 of which were newly identified by this review. As of October 2023, evidence for 850 mussel–host associations have been documented, though a relatively small proportion of the evidence was collected in Canada. The winged floater and the lake floater currently have no known hosts, with 14 other species having only a single associated evidence type. This review provides an updated library of current knowledge on hosts of Canadian unionoids, discusses notable trends, and outlines outstanding knowledge gaps to be addressed in future studies. Considering many of the host associations were not studied in Canadian waters, knowledge gaps remain regarding relevant ecological and climatic context in Canada.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".