Delayed Reporting of Sexual Assault in Sports: The Impact of Decade-Long Delays on Mock-Jurors’ Perceptions and Decision-Making
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Following recent social movements such as the #MeToo movement, there has been an increase in media reports of sexual assault across a range of sports (e.g. hockey, gymnastics, and swimming). In many of these cases, victims have reported the alleged assault years or decades later. The current research sought to examine the effect of delayed reporting of sexual assault, as well as defendant and victim gender, on mock-jurors’ decisions in a sexual assault in sports case. Participants ( N = 736) read a mock-trial transcript depicting a sexual assault in sports case in which a swim coach allegedly abused an athlete. The trial transcript varied defendant gender (male or female), victim gender (male or female), and the length of time that it took the victim to report the alleged sexual assault (1-, 10-, or 20-years). Mock-jurors provided ratings of the defendant and victim, as well as continuous and dichotomous (i.e. guilty, not guilty) ratings of defendant guilt. Participants also responded to a questionnaire assessing personal belief in rape myths. Results indicated that delayed reporting and mock-jurors’ belief in rape myths influenced mock-jurors’ perceptions and decisions. Specifically, mock-jurors assigned higher guilt ratings, rendered more guilty verdicts, and perceived the victim more favourably when there was a short delay (1-year) compared to a longer delay (10- or 20-years). Additionally, higher endorsement of rape myths was associated with lower guilt ratings, a lower likelihood of rendering a guilty verdict, more favourable perceptions of the defendant, and less favourable perceptions of the victim. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".