“Taking Wendake Beyond Wendake”: Economic Development and Legal Tenacity in the Wendat Community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The economic self-sufficiency of Indigenous communities has become a widely recognized debate in Canada. This article analyzes how the Indigenous community of Wendake, located in Québec, is working toward the cultural resurgence and recognition of its identity—in order to combat the negative consequences ensuing from the Indian Act of 1876. The latter resulted in Indigenous populations declared legally irresponsible to own their land. Drawing on Axel Honneth’s concept of the struggle for recognition, we show how the Wendat community relied on what we call its inherited capital of recognition (notably its ancestral political and economic dispositions) to peacefully assert itself in two key areas. First, the legal right to have treaties signed with colonial powers from past centuries recognized; and second, economic development through the creation of a financial system adapted to Indigenous specificities. Our analysis points to a process of peaceful struggle for the resurgence and recognition of Indigenous identity in what at first glance appears to be a process of neocolonial subjugation to the market economy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.029 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".