Geopolitics Implication on Urban Growth: Case Studies from Palestine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Under normal conditions, modeling and managing urban growth is a globally complicated issue. The geopolitical constraints in the case of Palestine cause added complications. Geopolitical determinants play a crucial role in urban growth management. Political subdivisions of land, Israeli crossings and terminals, the separation Wall, Israeli colonies, bypass roads and land confiscation are the geopolitical components of the study. Using a geographic information system (GIS) as the main analysis tool, many thematic layers were created to investigate the chronological transformation in border-shifting, crossing terminals and roads, built-up area, and urban growth patterns. This study investigated and analyzed the implications of the exceptional geopolitical conditions on urban growth and management in Palestine – specifically, the relationship between border-shifting, urban sprawl, cities’ morphology, growth patterns and geopolitical determinants and constraints. The research mainly focused on two selected communities of Hebron Governorate, Al Dahriya city and Tarqumiya town, in which geopolitics has the upper hand in transforming them into de facto border areas. These implications resulted in re-shaping urban growth characteristics, patterns and directions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".