Multiplexed Fiber-Optic Fluorescence for Functional Monitoring of Perfused Hearts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Monitoring molecular dynamics in the heart is essential for advancing our understanding of cardiac physiology and biochemistry in both healthy and diseased states, as well as for guiding the development and evaluation of novel cardiac therapies. We present a multiexcitation, ratiometric fiber-optic spectroscopic platform for noninvasive, real-time monitoring of biochemical and physiological processes in isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. The system employs a fiber-optic balloon probe capable of concurrent optical measurements and intraventricular pressure sensing, thereby providing complementary physiological data. A multiedge bandpass filter enables parallel fluorescence spectroscopy, allowing simultaneous detection and analysis of both exogenous and endogenous fluorophores. Coupled with multivariate regression analysis, we demonstrate the accurate quantification of fluorophore concentrations, facilitating comprehensive assessment of cardiac biochemical and functional dynamics. To mitigate geometric variability and motion artifacts, we developed a robust ratiometric approach using paired fluorescence agents. We demonstrate the system's capability by employing the fluorescent lipophilic cation tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) as a noninvasive biomarker for mitochondrial membrane potential, extracting physiologically relevant metrics. This platform enables sensitive assessment of cardiac function with established fluorescent probes and holds promising potential as a versatile tool for investigating the dynamics of novel fluorophores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".