« Combattre ce géant ». Citation et réfutation dans l’ <i>Anti-Pascal</i> de Voltaire
Bibliographic record
Abstract
C’est sur le modèle du corps à corps avec un « géant » que Voltaire pense son « petit Anti-Pascal », qui fait alterner, à la façon d’un chant amébée haineux, cinquante-sept citations des Pensées et leur réfutation. Pour étudier les stratégies citationnelles déployées dans ce texte tardivement intégré aux Lettres philosophiques , il faut à la fois s’interroger sur la sélection des citations (comment Voltaire oeuvre-t-il à les prélever, fragmenter, ordonner ?) et sur le dialogue critique qui s’établit entre discours cité et discours réfutant (de quelle façon Voltaire orchestre-t-il la succession polémique entre chaque fragment et l’objection qui le prend pour cible ?). Il importe, enfin, d’apprécier les dysfonctionnements pluriels d’un texte mobile, dans lequel la voix de Voltaire est travaillée par celle de Pascal au moment même où elle entend la mettre à distance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".