MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4415557111 · doi:10.22329/jtl.v19i4.9790

Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence among Philippine Undergraduate Students: Examining Instrument Construct and Demographic Influences on Knowledge and Beliefs

2025· article· en· W4415557111 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Julius Ceasar Hortelano, Shella Salamia

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Teaching and Learning · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicOnline Learning and Analytics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsConstruct (python library)PerceptionExploratory factor analysisApprehensionConstruct validityInterpersonal communicationAutonomy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Research on Artificial Intelligence (AI) is ubiquitous, yet the perceptions of undergraduate students (UGS) in the Philippines regarding AI remain underexplored. We surveyed 537 UGS to evaluate their knowledge and beliefs about AI, aiming to inform policy guidelines in higher education institutions (HEIs). Prior to the survey, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to establish the construct validity of an adapted instrument, revealing three factors: (1) perceived threat to human autonomy and employment, (2) perceived academic and economic utility, and (3) perceived negative consequences. Findings indicated that UGS generally possess a moderate level of self-reported knowledge about AI. Their beliefs were varied, showing a tendency towards neutrality regarding factor 1, agreement on factor 2, and apprehension towards factor 3. Demographic factors did not significantly influence these beliefs. However, gender, age group, program of study, and year level significantly affected their knowledge. The UGS also recognized the benefits of using AI, including learning assistance and interactive capabilities. Diminished interpersonal relationships and inaccurate information are among the drawbacks. Based on these findings, we urge policymakers in Philippine HIEs to develop informed guidelines on AI integration that address the identified concerns while leveraging its perceived benefits for ethical and responsible use of AI.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.467
Threshold uncertainty score0.512

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.318
Teacher spread0.301 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueJournal of Teaching and LearningSame topicOnline Learning and AnalyticsFrench-language works237,207