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Record W4415620233 · doi:10.1056/evidtt2400357

Do SGLT2is Improve End-of-Life Care in Adults with Advanced Heart Failure?

2025· article· en· W4415620233 on OpenAlex
Media Mokhtarnia, Kieran L. Quinn

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueNEJM Evidence · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicHeart Failure Treatment and Management
Canadian institutionsHamilton Health SciencesSinai Health System
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHeart failureQuality of life (healthcare)Clinical trialMEDLINERandomized controlled trial

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

AbstractSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) improve quality of life, functional capacity, and survival, and reduce hospitalization in adults with heart failure (HF). However, most controlled trials to date have enrolled few adults with advanced HF and multiple chronic illnesses. Despite favorable evidence in adults with HF, the safety and effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors on patient-centered outcomes in adults with advanced HF and multiple chronic illnesses remain unknown. This Tomorrow's Trial reviews the existing evidence and proposes a trial to address the question, "Do SGLT2 inhibitors improve end-of-life care in adults with advanced heart failure?"

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.414
Threshold uncertainty score0.517

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.297
Teacher spread0.285 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it