All‐Printed, Flexible, Organic Thermoelectric Generators for Ambient Operation with Enhanced Performance under Mechanical Bending
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study reports the fabrication and characterization of bipolar, fully printed organic thermoelectric generators on flexible substrates. All fabrication and testing are carried out under ambient conditions, demonstrating the feasibility of low‐cost, scalable manufacturing. The thermoelectric performance is evaluated in both flat and bent configurations, revealing a clear enhancement under mechanical deformation. The Seebeck coefficient of a single thermocouple increases from 30 µV K −1 in the flat state to 38.9 µV K −1 when bent, while the maximum output power rises from 8.8 to 14.9 nW. The devices also exhibit good stability, retaining ≈90% of their output power after 60 days of ambient exposure. These results confirm that fully printed, flexible organic thermoelectric generators are robust and lightweight energy harvesters whose performance improves under mechanical stress, highlighting their potential for real‐world, mechanically dynamic applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".