Low-Temperature CO <sub>2</sub> Adsorption Performance and Diffusion Kinetics of CALF-20 Powder and Its Extrudate via the Zero-Length Column Technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Calgary Framework-20 (CALF-20) shows exceptional CO 2 capture potential through its selective physisorption and stability in humid flue gas. However, its CO 2 diffusion mechanism remains poorly understood, hindering optimal industrial deployment. We synthesized CALF-20 powder and extrudates via solvothermal and phase inversion methods, characterizing their CO 2 adsorption-diffusion behavior using the zero-length column (ZLC) technique. At 0.1 bar and 311 K, CALF-20 exhibited a CO 2 uptake of 2.0 mmol g –1 and a reciprocal of the diffusion time constant, D/R 2, of 4.36 × 10 –2 s –1 . Particle size experiments revealed macropore diffusion as the primary mass transfer resistance and identified a critical transition radius of 0.48 mm that governs the CO 2 diffusion mechanism in the extrudates. The theoretical model further elucidated a shift in macropore diffusion from combined Knudsen/molecular to molecular diffusion control upon switching the carrier gas from He to N 2 . This study provides crucial kinetic insights for the industrial application of CALF-20.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".