MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4415668272 · doi:10.2196/57021

Use of a Specialist Telephone Consultation Line for Long COVID in Primary Care in British Columbia: Retrospective Descriptive Quality Improvement Study

2025· article· en· W4415668272 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Saniya Kaushal, Jastinder Bhandal, Peter Birks, Jesse Greiner, Adeera Levin, Michelle Malbeuf, Zachary Schwartz

Bibliographic record

VenueJMIRx Med · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicTelemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
Canadian institutionsUniversity of British ColumbiaUniversity of TorontoProvincial Health Services Authority
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPrimary careCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Quality (philosophy)Quality managementPrimary health careTelemedicinePublic healthHealth care

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Background: Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) continues to challenge primary care. To support family physicians in British Columbia, the general internal medicine (GIM) COVID-19 Rapid Access to Consultative Expertise (RACE) line was launched in August 2020 to provide real-time specialist advice. Objective: This quality improvement study aimed to evaluate the implementation and utilization of the GIM-COVID-19 Long-Term Sequelae RACE line in British Columbia. Specifically, it sought to characterize the demographics of patients involved in RACE consultations, identify the most common themes and clinical queries presented by primary care providers, and assess how usage patterns evolved over time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of 149 RACE line call summaries between August 2020 and June 2021. Six calls were excluded due to insufficient information, such as incomplete documentation or absence of a clear COVID-19-related question. Because the original extraction notes are no longer available, further details about these calls cannot be provided, leaving 143 eligible calls. Data extracted included patient age, sex, geographical location, symptom type, and timing of symptom onset post-COVID-19 infection. Calls were categorized by symptom duration (acute: <2 wk, subacute: 2-12 wk, chronic: >12 wk), thematic content (respiratory, fatigue, neurological, etc), and query type (symptom management, return-to-work, vaccination, etc). Data were coded independently by two reviewers using a standardized spreadsheet and predefined codebook. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion. Descriptive statistics summarized the findings. Results: Many calls involved female patients (91/143, 64%), with the most common age group being 40-49 years (32/113, 28%). Most calls came from Greater Vancouver (35/83, 42%) and the Fraser Valley (29/83, 35%). Subacute symptoms (52/149, 35%) and vaccination-related concerns (29/149, 19%) were the most common inquiry types. Symptom-related inquiries accounted for 92 of 143 calls (64%), with 253 symptoms documented overall. Respiratory symptoms were most common (100/253, 40%), especially shortness of breath (35 calls), cough (26), and fatigue (23). Call volumes peaked from January to June 2021, coinciding with the provincial vaccine rollout. Conclusions: The GIM-COVID-19 Long-Term Sequelae RACE line served as a critical early support system for primary care providers as the long COVID landscape evolved. This quality improvement study emphasizes the value of rapid access and specialist-informed consultation tools during emerging public health challenges. The trends ascertained may inform future health system responses, particularly when designing more scalable, interdisciplinary models to support primary care in managing complex chronic conditions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.575
Threshold uncertainty score0.930

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.049
GPT teacher head0.378
Teacher spread0.329 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2025
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueJMIRx MedSame topicTelemedicine and Telehealth ImplementationFrench-language works237,207