Nozzle design for an organic vapor wind tunnel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel test rig for investigating the real-gas behavior of organic fluids operating at subsonic-supersonic speed in the proximity of the liquid-vapor critical point and the saturation curve is currently under construction at the Politecnico di Milano, Italy. This is a blow-down facility in which an organic vapor is expanded from a high-pressure reservoir kept at controlled super-heated or super-critical conditions into a low-pressure reservoir, where the vapor is condensed and pumped back into the high-pressure reservoir. Expansion to supersonic speeds occurs through a converging-diverging Laval nozzle. The present paper documents the design of the supersonic portion of the nozzle by means of the standard method of characteristics, that is coupled to the state-of-the-art multi-parameter Span-Wagner thermodynamic models of fluids MDM and R245fa. Four different operating conditions are considered and the resulting nozzle designs are thoroughly discussed. Keywords: Organic Rankine Cycle, Real-gas wind tunnel, Gasdynamics nozzles
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".