Bridging Borders Through the Art Market. The Promotion of the Ton-Fan Group in Italy (1959–1971)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Ton-Fan Group was established in Taipei in 1956 by eight disciples of Li Chun-Shan. Driven by an ambition that went beyond mere internationalism, the group sought to create a bridge between East and West. Their influence spread across Europe, facilitated by a network of art dealers such as Fiamma Vigo and Topazia Alliata. By considering borders both as territorial boundaries and as conceptual limits, this article aims to contribute to the field of border studies from two perspectives. First, by examining the case of Taiwan, characterized by its complex geopolitical landscape, it explores how local artists approached and often transcended national borders. Second, it seeks to merge border studies with “gendered art market studies” to investigate how gender dynamics within the art market may have played a crucial role in promoting artists from regions considered marginal by the European art, thus redefining the boundaries of the Western Art Market.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".