A self-locking conductive cardiac patch for immediate electrical integration with infarcted rat myocardium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of human death. Conductive patches have emerged as a promising alternative for MI repair. However, due to the epicardium and the scar tissue blocking the electrical connection between the patch and the myocardium, the immediate and effective electrical integration of the patch with the host myocardium remains a great challenge. Here, we report a conductive barbed microneedle-integrated conductive patch (CBMN-CP). The microneedle can not only self-anchor robustly to the myocardium, but also penetrate the epicardium into the inner myocardium enabling patch to bridge non-infarcted myocardium across the infarcted area immediately and to re-establish the electrical pathways in the infarcted myocardium. The rat MI model experiments demonstrated CBMN-CP significantly improved early cardiac function on day 3 post-infarction compared with traditional conductive patch. CBMN-CP enhanced myocardial repair efficacy by re-establishing intercellular electrical connections, promoting angiogenesis and regulating inflammatory responses. RNA sequencing showed that CBMN-CP mediated cardiac functions mainly through regulating early cardiac conduction and calcium handling-related gene expressions. Overall, the strategy of providing an immediate electrical integration through CBMN-CP demonstrated promising results and would be valuable in practical applications. • The PPy-coated patch consists of an anisotropic substrate and barbed microneedles. • The patch can re-establish electrical pathways in myocardium immediately. • The microneedles allow for sutureless implantation of the patch. • The patch significantly improve cardiac function 3 days after infarction. • We propose an immediate electrical integration strategy for cardiac repair.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".