Relativistic effects on the ground state of positronic lithium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Positronic lithium, the first theoretically predicted positronic atom, has yet to be observed experimentally due to its weakly bound nature and short lifetime. Consequently, studies of its structural and annihilation properties can provide valuable guidance for future experimental efforts. In this work, we investigate the relativistic effects on positron binding to atomic lithium by evaluating the expectation values of relativistic operators. Our calculations show that while the total relativistic correction of positronic lithium is comparable in magnitude to the binding energy, the corrections for the bound and dissociated states are nearly identical and largely cancel each other, resulting in only a minor effect on the binding energy. Specifically, the inclusion of relativistic corrections alters the binding energy of positronic lithium and its isotopes by less than 0.13% for spin-triplet states and 0.04% for spin-singlet states. We also calculate the annihilation rates and lifetimes for both spin-triplet and spin-singlet states of positronic lithium.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".