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Record W4415933284 · doi:10.1090/jams/1067

Sticky Kakeya sets and the sticky Kakeya conjecture

2025· article· en· W4415933284 on OpenAlexafffund
Hong Wang, Joshua Zahl

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of the American Mathematical Society · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMathematics
TopicAdvanced Harmonic Analysis Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of British Columbia
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNankai Zhide FoundationFundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesNational Science Foundation
KeywordsConjectureMinkowski spaceHausdorff dimensionDimension (graph theory)Set (abstract data type)Minkowski–Bouligand dimensionLine (geometry)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A Kakeya set is a compact subset of R n \mathbb {R}^n that contains a unit line segment pointing in every direction. The Kakeya conjecture asserts that such sets must have Hausdorff and Minkowski dimension n n . There is a special class of Kakeya sets, called sticky Kakeya sets. Sticky Kakeya sets exhibit an approximate multi-scale self-similarity, and sets of this type played an important role in Katz, Łaba, and Tao’s groundbreaking 2000 work on the Kakeya problem. We propose a special case of the Kakeya conjecture, which asserts that sticky Kakeya sets must have Hausdorff and Minkowski dimension n n . We prove this conjecture in three dimensions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.017
Threshold uncertainty score0.056

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.002
Bibliometrics0.0020.002
Science and technology studies0.0040.005
Scholarly communication0.0060.010
Open science0.0010.005
Research integrity0.0020.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0170.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.021
GPT teacher head0.364
Teacher spread0.343 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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