The Influence of Mitral Tilted Implantation Position on the Transmitral Pressure Gradient
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of mitral valve implantation tilt on transmitral pressure gradients using an in vitro left-heart simulator. A 25 mm mitral bioprosthesis was tested in four positions: posterior-lateral (reference), apical, septal 10°, and septal 20° tilts. Pressure gradients were measured simultaneously with catheterization and particle image velocimetry (PIV). Compared with the physiological posterior-lateral orientation, apical tilt produced only minor changes, whereas septal tilting resulted in substantially higher peak and mean diastolic gradients, with increases of up to$\sim 58 \%$. A substantial hemodynamic penalty occurs when the mitral valve is tilted in the septal direction as compared to the posterior-lateral and apical positions. A good agreement was found between the PIV and catheter measurements of the transvalvular pressure gradients. The present findings highlight the importance of avoiding septal tilt during surgical implantation to minimize adverse pressure gradients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".