Cascaded H-Bridge Converter-Based PMSM Drive: PS-PWM and LS-PWM Modulation Comparison
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multilevel converters (MCs) are popular due to their higher voltage levels, low dv/dt, low harmonics, and high-power handling capabilities. This paper evaluates the use of two pulse width modulation (PWM) schemes for MCs: Phase-Shifted PWM (PS-PWM) and Level-Shifted PWM (LS-PWM). At first, the Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter is utilized to demonstrate the principles and switching patterns of PS-PWM and LS-PWM. Thereafter, a 23 level CHB converter is designed for a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive application as a case study. The switching and conduction losses in different switches and submodules are analyzed in details under different PMSM operation points. The total harmonic distortion (THD) and efficiency of the converter are also compared. The simulation results show that PS-PWM performs better owing to reduced THD in the voltage and current as well as equal loss distribution, compared to LS-PWM. However, PS-PWM contributes to higher switching losses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".