Inuit, urban and unhoused: a scoping review of social worlds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Colonization, racism, and forced relocation perpetrated in the Arctic, particularly in northern Canada, have had severe social impacts and created barriers for Inuit to housing, employment, and education, leaving many with precarious access to fundamental necessities. The consequences of these decades of conquest by settler-colonial governments are evident in many southern hub cities in Canada and other circumpolar regions where Inuit are greatly overrepresented in populations of unhoused people. However, the interpersonal and cultural systems Inuit have cultivated over millennia to provide care and community for individuals in need persist at the margins of urban centres. This review begins an exploration of the social worlds of unhoused urban Inuit and elucidates what has to date been discussed about the important ways they support themselves and one another in being well in the context of homelessness and on-going colonial violence. Methods: This scoping review follows the Arksey & O'Malley's 5-stage model, beginning by identifying the research question and relevant publications, selecting publications according to relevance, charting study data, and finally collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. Results: Analysis of reviewed publications revealed shared push and pull factors that precipitate northern and southern homelessness. Analysis further revealed that Inuit experiencing homelessness in the south contend with distinct structural factors impeding well-being such as housing and substance markets, discrimination, and supporting it like Inuit-friendly service provision, peer support, maintaining kinship and connection with home. Conclusions: The literature demonstrates that relationships and well-being at the intersection of Indigeneity/Inuit identity, southern urban life, and homelessness are complex and that seeming contradictions of risk and resilience, or conflict and connection are coexisting aspects of life in this context that merit further understanding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.043 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.033 | 0.036 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".