Assessment of the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model in a stabilized finite element framework for hypersonic turbulent flows using pressure-primitive variables
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluates the performance of the Spalart–Allmaras (SA) turbulence model within a finite element framework. The streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin (SUPG) method is employed as a stabilization technique to provide numerical stability. The proposed formulation solves the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes (N-S) equations expressed in primitive variables. The robustness and accuracy of the stabilized framework, incorporating the one-equation SA turbulence model, are assessed across a wide range of Mach numbers using benchmark test cases. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the present approach in modeling high-speed turbulent flows, including separated boundary layers and shock wave interactions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it