An exploration into modality, interpersonal meanings and intonation in peer interaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A fall-to-mid intonation in Spanish has traditionally been associated with meanings like uncertainty, incompleteness, command and politeness. In syntactic constructions, it is attested in a subject followed by a non-restrictive relative clause and enumerations, etc. These descriptions report its high frequency use in tightly controlled speech. Yet, further research is necessary to understand better the linguistic reasons behind its presence in spontaneous speech. In this study, a sub-corpus of highly natural dialogues in European Standard Peninsular Spanish is selected from the corpus Glissando ( Garrido et al., 2011 ) and all the instances of the tone are identified acoustically. Following the corpus linguistics methodology, we tagged instances of modal meanings manifested in the use of the specified tone, to later compute the frequency and distribution of words bearing it, as well as retrieved concordances. This allowed the identification and categorization of modal meanings expressed by the presence of the tone. The results suggest that the fall-to-mid tone can be mapped into a wide range of word categories to express deontic and epistemic modality, together with various evaluative and interpersonal meanings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".