Sex-specific effects of abdominal aortic constriction on renal cytochrome P450 enzymes and arachidonic acid metabolites in male and female rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We previously showed that male rats develop more severe cardiac hypertrophy than female rats following abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) and highlighted corresponding changes in cardiac cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and their arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. In this study, we report sex-specific changes in renal CYP enzymes and AA metabolites after AAC. Kidneys were isolated from adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats 5 weeks after sham or AAC surgeries. Renal CYP, lipoxygenase, and epoxide hydrolase enzyme levels were measured by PCR and Western blot, and renal microsomal formation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Protein levels of CYP2E1 and CYP4F were significantly elevated post-AAC only in female rats, paralleled by a significant increase in their respective metabolites, 19(R)-HETE and 20-HETE. On the other hand, CYP2C23 mRNA levels were significantly decreased only in male rats, with no significant decrease in EETs. Our findings indicate that renal CYP-mediated AA metabolism undergoes sex-specific reprogramming in response to cardiac pressure overload, which may contribute to the observed divergent cardiac remodeling. This research highlights the importance of the kidney-heart axis and supports the potential for sex-specific metabolic targets in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".