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Record W4416192760 · doi:10.5430/wjel.v16n2p389

Exploring the Sources of English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Stress at Secondary High School

2025· article· W4416192760 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueWorld Journal of English Language · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicEducation and Communication Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsStressorFeelingAnxietyPsychological interventionEnglish as a foreign languageForeign languageEnglish languageStress (linguistics)Quality (philosophy)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Stress is a psychological and physiological response to perceived challenges or threats, often resulting in emotional or physical tension that can lead to feelings of frustration, anger, or nervousness. For non-native English teachers, teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) presents unique stressors that differ from those faced by first or second-language instructors. Research suggests that EFL teachers experience higher levels of anxiety and job-related pressure due to linguistic barriers, cultural differences, and institutional expectations. This study aims to investigate the primary sources of stress among EFL teachers at the secondary high school level and to identify key factors that contribute to their occupational strain. A quantitative research approach was adopted for this study, with primary data collected through a structured survey questionnaire distributed to EFL teachers. Using purposive sampling, 32 secondary school English teachers were selected to participate, ensuring that respondents had relevant experience in EFL instruction. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software to identify significant patterns and correlations. The findings highlight multiple stressors, including teachers’ lack of capability, economic constraints, political instability in the country, students’ poor academic performance, inadequate school infrastructure, and restrictive school management policies. The study underscores the need for institutional support and policy reforms to mitigate stress among EFL teachers. Addressing these stressors could improve teacher well-being, reduce attrition rates, and enhance the overall quality of English language education. By understanding the specific challenges faced by EFL educators, schools, and policymakers can implement targeted interventions to create a more sustainable and supportive teaching environment.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.010
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.245
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.010
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0020.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.030
GPT teacher head0.306
Teacher spread0.276 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it