Arthroplasty Joint Histology and Surgical Outcomes in Patients on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Single-Center Case Series
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plain Language Summary This is a case series of 16 patients with cancer who were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy and who underwent 23 joint replacements. Some of these patients were known to have inflammatory arthritis (joint inflammation) as a side effect of the ICI therapy, whereas others were thought to have worsening of established osteoarthritis (OA). We wanted to know whether the patients with OA had ICI-related joint inflammation that was simply not recognized before surgery. We also wanted to know whether patients who undergo joint replacements on ICI have more surgery complications than other people. What we found was that the people who were diagnosed with OA prior to surgery had OA on joint histology. Only the patients with known inflammatory arthritis from ICI had significant inflammation on joint histology. One patient required a revision of her hip joint replacement 3.7 years after surgery (while still on ICI) due to an inflammatory reaction to her joint replacement. We could not determine whether ICI played a role in that complication.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".