A Hybrid Neural Approach to Speaker Verification with an Improved Additive Angular Margin Loss
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extraction of speaker embeddings plays a crucial role in the neural automatic speaker verification system. Here, we propose a novel hybrid neural embedding framework, which employs frequency- and channel-wise Selective Kernel Attention (SKA) into the 2D-CNN - based feature extraction module to aggregate global frequency-channel information to the attention weights to extract speaker discriminant embeddings. The aforementioned feature extraction module is connected with a frame-level network, which is composed of a Time Delay Neural Network (TDNN)-Long Short Term Memory hybrid network and a fully TDNN network in a cascade fashion. Multi-Level Attentive Statistics Pooling, which incorporates local statistics as context, is adopted for aggregating the speaker information within an utterance-level context by capturing the complementarity of different networks. Additionally, the proposed approach utilizes an improved Additive Angular Margin (AAM) Softmax loss function that integrates a dynamic and adaptive label noise cleansing method, termed AdaptiveDrop. This method seamlessly combines label noise filtering and correction in a cascaded manner, leveraging the strengths of both techniques to enhance robustness. Experimental results on the VoxCeleb dataset reveal that the proposed approach outperforms baseline systems in both supervised and self-supervised speaker verification tasks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".