Alabaster Vessels from the Volna 1 Necropolis: First Results of the Analytical Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents the results of the first stage of a comprehensive study of alabaster vessels from burials of the second to the early third quarter of the 5th to the second half of the 4th centuries BC of the Volna 1 necropolis (Taman Peninsula). A total of 7 alabaster vessels were found, including fragmented ones; whole forms belong to type A-1, and the time of their manufacture can be attributed, in general, to 460—435 BC. Samples of five vessels from burial no. 322, 602, 629, 631, 642 were examined by optical and polarization microscopy, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tomography. The alabasters from burial no. 322, 629, 641, 642 were made of calcium alabaster; the vessels from burials no. 602, 631 were made of anhydrite-gypsum alabaster. All alabasters made of raw calcium material, as well as one vessel made of anhydrite-gypsum alabaster (no. 602), come from burials of the early period of the functioning of the necropolis; most likely, they reflect the existence of the Greek tradition of placing vessels with oils in burials and have a utilitarian function. Another vessel made of anhydrite-gypsum alabaster (no. 631) is dated to the second half of the 4th century BC and comes from a family tomb, where a funerary wreath was also found, analogies to which come from the high-status tombs of Macedonia. The discovery of funerary wreaths together with alabaster vessels in Macedonian tombs diagnoses a change in the semantic load of placing alabaster in burials, and allows us to consider the vessel from Volna 1 more as an insignia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".