Association Between Varicella Zoster Virus Infection and Atopic Dermatitis in Childhood: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Background: The hygiene hypothesis suggests infections in childhood may protect against atopic dermatitis (AD). Objective: To determine the association between varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection/varicella virus vaccination (VV) in childhood and the severity of AD. Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study. Demographic characteristics and clinical history of VZV and VV were collected. The severity of AD was calculated using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) severity scale. Serum varicella immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer was done. Statistical analysis was done. Results: 234 patients having AD with almost equal representation by males and females were recruited for the study. A history of VZV infection was present in 68 patients. None of the patients gave history of VV. Serum IgG titers were done in 78 patients. Mean age was found to be 7.23 ± 4.05. Patients having a history of VZV infection had mild severity of AD. The median total number of AD episodes and the median number of hospital visits each year, median SCORAD were lower, and the median age of onset of AD and the median IgG titer of study participants were higher among patients having a history of VZV infection. There was a statistically significant negative (inverse) correlation between SCORAD and IgG titer. Limitations: This is a site-limited study. There may be recall and selection bias while collecting data. SCORAD being not completely objective is another limitation. Estimation of immunoglobulin-E levels and characterization of lymphocyte–monocyte subset were not done. Conclusion: VZV infection in childhood prior to onset of AD is a protective factor for atopic dermatitis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".