Frailty is Linked to Lower Subjective Life Expectancy in Korean Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
While Socioemotional Selectivity Theory suggests that individuals perceive their remaining time as limited with age, this perception may vary with health. This study examined differences in subjective life expectancy (SLE) between frail and non-frail middle-aged and older adults in South Korea across age groups. A cross-sectional sample was drawn from Wave 1 of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Propensity score matching produced two comparable groups (749 frail and 749 non-frail) with no significant demographic differences. Using the matched sample ( N = 1,498), multiple linear regression models were conducted. Results showed that frailty was negatively associated with SLE ( B = −17.48, p < .001), with the frailty–age interaction showing more pronounced effects in younger-old than mid-old ( B = 18.03, p < .001) and oldest-old groups ( B = 21.52, p < .001). These findings underscore the importance of both physical and psychological interventions targeting frailty to improve SLE in aging populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".