Rare Aggregations: Seasonal Variations and Abundance of the Critically Endangered Widenose Guitarfish ( <i>Glaucostegus obtusus</i> )
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The widenose guitarfish ( Glaucostegus obtusus ) is a Critically Endangered shark‐like ray in the Northern Indian Ocean. They aggregate in shallow waters where they may be threatened by nearshore fisheries, tourism and coastal development, yet their use of these spaces is not well documented. Understanding their population sizes and seasonal use of these nearshore waters is crucial in developing effective conservation strategies. We estimated the abundance of juvenile widenose guitarfish across 10 beaches in South Goa, India, and their variation with seasonal, environmental and anthropogenic factors. We walked transects along the wave line (< 30 cm deep) from September 2023 to March 2024 to record guitarfish counts, sizes and distribution. The total juvenile guitarfish abundance was estimated through N‐mixture modelling as 538 individuals over 25 km of coastline. Galgibaga Beach had significantly higher juvenile abundances (205 individuals, 95% CI: 191–217), indicating the presence of a nursery ground, and has been identified as an Important Shark and Ray Area (ISRA) based on our work. November showed the highest relative abundance of juveniles (35.14 ± 38.47), suggesting that this month is a potential pupping season. We provide first estimates for the population of this species in India and new insights into their ecology, highlighting critical habitats and seasons where conservation efforts, like spatiotemporal restrictions or live release measures, could be directed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".