A Single Element Antenna with Continuous Beam Steering Using a Versatile AMC
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single element antenna that can steer its beam in any of its principal plane is completely unheard of. Exploiting the use of FPMS unit cells as the AMC layer of a patch antenna, the authors demonstrate beam-steering in its azimuthal plane. A range of 50°(−25° to +25°) has been achieved from the full-wave simulations of the proposed radiator. The unit cells are meticulously engineered to modulate the phase of the incident EM wave, enabling dynamic control over the antenna's radiation characteristics. Alongside the beam-steering capabilities, the antenna achieves a 6 dB increase in its gain due to the presence of an AMC layer. The simulations are being validated using a prototype consisting of a$5 \times 5$array of FPMS elements, with an overall structure size of$1.6 \lambda_{0} \times 1.6 \lambda_{0}$. The proposed FPMS-based antenna, offering beam radiation reconfigurability, is highly suitable for CubeSat applications due to its compact size, low power consumption, and enhanced communication performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".