Optimal control and dynamics of human papillomavirus model with sexual and nonsexual transmission
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The dynamic model of human papillomavirus (HPV) with both sexual and nonsexual transmission is established, the expressions for HPV transmission routes of heterosexual females, heterosexual males and men who have sex with men (MSM) in the model are given, the transmission threshold of the model is derived, the dynamic behavior is analyzed in heterosexual population and MSM. Parameters estimation and numerical simulations are carried out by actual data, which are from Xingning City, Guangdong Province, China, and the sensitivity analysis of threshold. The results show that nonsexual contact has a significant impact on the spread of HPV. Finally, the optimal control of the model is studied. The results show that among the different control costs, the lower the control cost of the individual burden, the more the number of infected individuals that can be afforded, which leads to the lower the number of the overall people infected. Therefore, in the long run, low-cost control is the optimal control. It is also found that for the prevention of HPV, it is not only necessary to actively vaccinate, reduce the number of sexual partners, but also pay attention to nonsexual transmission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".