Physical activity in carotid atherosclerotic patients blunts monocyte pro-inflammatory processes: a randomised controlled trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Up to 25 % of ischemic strokes are the consequence of a ruptured vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Circulating pro-inflammatory classical and intermediate monocytes are known predictors of ischemic events and cardiovascular death. Interestingly, chronic physical activity can decrease inflammation, and is thereby associated with a reduction in pro-inflammatory monocytes. METHODS: In a randomized, controlled and monocentric trial, we recruited 56 patients (71 ± 8 years old) with asymptomatic carotid stenosis of ≥50 % who were ineligible for carotid endarterectomy. Blood analyses were completed to assess the phenotype of monocytes, as well as a multiplex assay and colorimetric assay for cytokines concentration and redox status, respectively. RESULTS: Classical monocyte count was increased in the control arm, while it remained stable in response to the physical activity intervention (-5215 ± 2307, [95 %CI -9878 to -551], p = 0.03). Moreover, the expression of most of pro-inflammatory cytokines was down-regulated in response to the physical activity intervention, while it was increased in the control arm. CONCLUSIONS: The stabilization of classical monocytes and down-regulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to the physical activity intervention suggest that chronic physical activity alleviate the pro-inflammatory state, and might thereby reduce carotid plaque vulnerability and the subsequent risk of ischemic events. These results highlight that home-based physical activity intervention is an efficient clinical care that induce biological changes in carotid atherosclerotic patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".