Proteomics of flour from domesticated varieties and wild barley reveals differences in their hordein compositions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Proteomic studies in barley have been predominantly focused on malting barley for the brewing industry. In this study, protein contents and detailed protein compositions of grains of Wild Barley (WB) ( Hordeum spontaneum ) and two varieties of domesticated barley ( Hordeum vulgare), Golden Promise (GP), bred for brewing, and PS3, bred for food, were investigated to reveal compositional differences in the hordeins, the major storage proteins of barley. For proteomic profiling a sensitive LC-MS/MS Orbitrap system was used in combination with a one-step denaturing and reducing phenol extraction. The extracts were subjected to label-free bottom-up proteomics. Differences were revealed not only in the overall composition of groups of storage proteins, but also in individual hordeins. WB and PS3 contained higher amounts of D-hordein than GP, while GP had higher levels of B-hordein. Furthermore, the differences in protein composition were evaluated to identify links between the proteome and genotypes’ use case and the transition from wild barley.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".