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Record W4416448225 · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101322

A theory that explains how and what learning occurs when utilizing the Classic case method

2025· article· en· W4416448225 on OpenAlexaff
Fengli Mu, James E. Hatch

Bibliographic record

VenueThe International Journal of Management Education · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicManagement and Marketing Education
Canadian institutionsHatch (Canada)Western University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLearning theoryEmpirical researchOrder (exchange)Key (lock)Empirical evidenceResearch methodology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The academic literature is replete with descriptions of how the Harvard (Classic) Case Method is taught. However, the available empirical research on the merits of the case method is flawed in a number of ways including an unclear definition of the case method, failure to have constructs that explain how learning occurs, and inadequate measures of learning. As a result, in spite of its broad usage, there is no empirical research that unambiguously shows that the Classic Case Method (CCM) leads to learning. In order to effectively conduct this research it is important to have an underlying theoretical framework to guide the testing of hypotheses but, surprisingly, the literature provides no such theory. Our paper fills this important gap by providing, for the first time, a theory of how and what learning occurs when employing the CCM. Our theory provides several contributions to the literature including; a clear definition of the CCM, specific constructs that explain how learning occurs, and integration and synthesis of several well established theories from the adult learning literature and how they may be applied to the CCM. In addition, the paper shows how the theory may be used by teachers, in a practical way, to guide their course design activities and achieve their teaching goals. • A theory of how and what learning occurs through use of the Classic Case Method. • Six key constructs in developing the theory. • Implications for further research. • Implications for teachers and students.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScholarly communication
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.695
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0030.002
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.023
GPT teacher head0.297
Teacher spread0.275 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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