From the predator to the prey: a case study of the vulnerability of <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> to aggressive competitors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Harmonia axyridis was originally considered and used as a biocontrol agent throughout the world. But its effectiveness has turned into a serious detriment to ecosystems, as it has become an invasive and harmful species, gradually displacing native coccinellid populations. Its invasive success mostly relies on its voracity, aggressiveness, and dominance in intraguild predation (IGP) interactions. Aggressiveness is a major behavioral characteristic known to influence IGP occurrence and outcome. So, what if H. axyridis were confronted with more aggressive competitors? To understand the vulnerability of H. axyridis to aggressive competitors, we confronted it with an IGP interaction involving two artificially selected lines of the generalist predator Nabis americoferus (one aggressive and one docile) in the presence of extraguild prey (Myzus persicae). Two hypotheses were formulated: (1) the IGP intensity toward H. axyridis is positively correlated with the intraguild predator's aggressiveness, and (2) the IGP intensity decreases in the presence of extraguild prey for both the aggressive and docile lines. Results showed that, as expected, the aggressive line displayed a higher IGP rate on H. axyridis than the docile line, supporting the first hypothesis. The second hypothesis was also supported, since extraguild prey availability led to a decrease in IGP for both lines. Apart from providing insights into the relationship between aggressiveness and IGP occurrence, the discussion focuses on the consequences for H. axyridis in the field as an invasive species and as a biological control agent.
Stored with the screening record, where it is evidence for the labels above.
How this classification was reachedexpand
The three-model screen
all 5,600 screened works →All three models called this out of scope.
Entomology experiment on intraguild predation and aggressiveness.
The study examines predator interactions involving an invasive beetle, not research itself.
Experimental ecology of ladybird intraguild predation; domain entomology.
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".