On the prospect and precarity of rural older voluntarism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Volunteers are essential to supporting vulnerable older people in underserviced communities. Evidence is emerging, however, of the growing precarity of volunteering in small towns and rural places where most volunteers are older residents themselves. To advance knowledge on this phenomenon of ‘rural older voluntarism’, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article presents a case study of three volunteer-based programs in rural Ontario, Canada. Interviews and focus group discussions with 56 volunteers and program administrators reveal both the prospect and precarity of rural older voluntarism, shedding light on how the pandemic acted as a catalyst of change for individual volunteers, volunteer-based programs and ageing rural communities alike. Learning from the experiences both of older volunteers and administrators at volunteer-based programs in ageing rural communities can advance best practices for future-proofing the pivotal role of voluntarism for communities undergoing unprecedented changes such as natural disasters, economic upheaval and public health emergencies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".