Effectiveness of adding muscle trigger point dry needling to physiotherapy protocol on pain, active range of motion, and functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a single-blind, randomized, parallel-group, clinical trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common types of arthritis, and Physiotherapy (PT) is a standard noninvasive treatment for KOA. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of adding Muscle Trigger Point Dry Needling (MTrP-DN) to Physiotherapy (PT) protocol including exercise and physical modalities protocol for improving pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional ability in KOA patients. METHODS: = 20). Both groups received 12 sessions of exercise with physical modalities, with the MTrP-DN group additionally receiving DN. Pain (Numerical Pain Rating Scale - NPRS), active knee flexion and extension ROM (goniometer), functional ability (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index - WOMAC, Timed Up and Go test - TUG), and treatment effectiveness (Global Rating of Change - GROC) were assessed at baseline, week 4, and at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: > .05). CONCLUSION: The addition of MTrP-DN to PT protocol resulted in superior improvements in pain, ROM, and functional ability in KOA patients compared to physiotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered with IR.MUMS.FHMPM.REC.1401.002.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".