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Record W4416668291 · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1012593

Supplementing AI “Curriculum” Using Teachers Pay Teachers Resources: What There Is and What There Isn’t

2025· book-chapter· en· W4416668291 on OpenAlex
G. Michael Bowen

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueArtificial intelligence · 2025
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicTeaching and Learning Programming
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMount Saint Vincent University
KeywordsCurriculumPaymentQuality (philosophy)Resource (disambiguation)Professional developmentEducational resourcesFaculty developmentCurriculum development

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Artificial intelligence (AI) has had an increasing presence in K-12 education over the last 3 years and is entering the educational practices of both teachers and students. Schools and teachers feel the pressure to both adopt AI-related practices as well as teach their students about AI, but few formal curriculum resources exist for this topic. Teachers typically turn to other resources, such as online educational resource marketplaces (OERMs), to obtain supplemental curriculum materials. The website Teachers Pay Teachers (TPT) started in 2006 to allow teachers to share teaching resources with the goal of helping them teach their students better through learning from each other. Various sources suggest that, in general, many teachers (a) frequently use the TPT platform (up to 85% of U.S. K-12 teachers) and (b) acquire both paid and unpaid resources from TPT to use in their classrooms. In this study, we examine 48 AI-related resources (24 requiring payment and 24 that are free, all provided in a search on the TPT website) that are available to teachers, documenting and analyzing what information teachers are provided to make decisions, comparing free and paid resources, and evaluating the quality of the AI-related resources. We conclude that there is considerable room for improvement in the available resources from both a content and a pedagogical perspective, that professional development on how to effectively evaluate supplemental curriculum resources is needed, and that individuals with stronger backgrounds in computer technologies should be contributing more supplemental curriculum resources to TPT on AI.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Scholarly communication
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.933
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0060.002
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.041
GPT teacher head0.304
Teacher spread0.263 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it