Total Mercury and Stable Nitrogen and Carbon Isotope Content in Polar Bear Hair in the Russian Arctic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The results of studies of the mercury concentrations and stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) in the hair of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) inhabiting the islands of the Franz Josef Land archipelago, Novaya Zemlya archipelago, as well as the Yamal and Taymyr peninsulas are presented. It is shown that the levels of mercury accumulation in the hair of polar bears from the Franz Josef Land archipelago are characterized by values lower (about 2.0 mg/kg) than those in polar bears from the Canadian sector of the Arctic and commensurate with those of animals from Spitsbergen. A significant positive correlation was found between the mercury concentration and stable isotope (δ15N and δ13C) values. The minimum concentrations of mercury and isotope values (δ15N and δ13C) in the hair of bears from Yuzhny Island (Novaya Zemlya) may be a consequence of increased content of non-marine food in their diet rather than a result of climate change. The recorded mercury concentrations in the hair of bears indicate the absence of a threat to animal health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".