Thermal response functions of borehole heat exchangers with horizontal pipes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate prediction of subsurface heat transfer is essential to the efficient operation of ground-source heat pump systems. Thermal response functions (TFs) are commonly used for this purpose and can be derived from physical models or reconstructed from monitoring data. In a recent study, TFs were reconstructed from fluid temperature measurements of 40 borehole heat exchangers, capturing not only the 100 m vertical boreholes but also horizontal pipe sections ranging from 3 to 46 m in length. Slight variations in heat exchange capability were observed, primarily linked to differences in horizontal pipe lengths. To investigate these variations, we develop a 3-D numerical model of borehole heat exchangers with horizontal connecting pipes of varying lengths. The model simulates matching model-based TFs for all 40 data-driven TFs. The model-based and data-driven TFs were then compared. While all data-driven TFs provided acceptable temperature predictions, only 38% of the model-based TFs did. The comparison highlights respective limitations of both approaches, with data-driven TFs depending on measurement quality and model-based TFs on modeling assumptions. Given their accuracy and speed, data-driven TFs are promising for modeling, with physical models reserved for validation. Overall, the findings enhance understanding of individual borehole performance and support improved design practices that account for horizontal pipe sections.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it