Proteomic Characterization of Major Fish Allergy Responsive Protein Parvalbumins in Hilsa ( <i>Tenualosa ilisha</i> ): A Commercially Important Fish in Southeast Asia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parvalbumin-beta (PRVB) is the major allergen in bony fish; however, its characteristics in Hilsa, an economically important anadromous fish in Southeast Asia, remain unclear. This study characterized Hilsa PRVs using proteomic approaches across two major riverine habitats and developmental stages. Three PRV isoforms were identified in Hilsa muscle through unique peptide sets. Label-free quantitative proteomics, supported by ELISA, revealed higher PRVB levels in juvenile Hilsa compared with adults, independent of habitat. Comparative analysis showed that Hilsa contained significantly lower PRVB than other freshwater species. Additionally, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based targeted proteomics demonstrated PRV's potential as a marker for allergen quantitation and for authenticating Hilsa in mixed fish samples. These findings provide novel insights into Hilsa PRVs, offering a foundation for future studies of fish quality, allergen assessment, and food safety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".