Analysis of Leakage Currents in Charge Pumps Integrated in Conventional and High-k Technologies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces a model for leakage currents in linear integrated charge pumps, along with the corresponding design procedure. The model accounts for leakage in both capacitors and switches, and it analyzes its effect on the circuit parameters such as conversion ratio, power density, and conversion efficiency. Various design trade-offs emerge when selecting different devices within a given fabrication technology, as well as when comparing different fabrication technologies. Specifically, the paper explores the performance differences between implementing the same circuit in a conventional 65-nm silicon-oxynitride polysilicon-gate process and in a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$28-\text{nm}$</tex> high-k metal-gate process. The simulation results validate the model and quantify the improvements in power density and conversion efficiency achieved in the high-k process, owing to enhanced device performance and reduced leakage currents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".